The observation of enlarged perivascular spaces and white matter hyperintensities in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy based on MRI [2026] - 1,125KB
by Guang Tan, Yunpeng Tang, Jiaoyan Wang, Qun Wen, Wenli Tan, Qiaoqiao Zou
Background & Objective: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common complications of diabetes, and cerebral small vessel disease is associated with cognitive deficits and functional impairment. Thi...

Virtual reality technology for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment: Changes in immune-related genes and alternative splicing and implications for treatment efficacy [2026] - 2,058KB
by Nazuke Yusupu, Hongyan Li
Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is recognized as a critical transitional stage from the preclinical phase of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) to overt dementia, while AD is a progressive neurode...

Autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases: A double-edged sword in disease progression and therapy [2026] - 7,385KB
by Xiaojuan Yang, Xuhang Fan, Miaohui Wang, Minheng Zhang, Siyao Chen, Yue Liu, Haixia Fan
Background: Autophagy constitutes a critical catabolic pathway that mediates the degradation and recycling of dysfunctional organelles and cytotoxic protein aggregates. Accumulating evidence indicates...

Cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein regulates neuregulin-ErbB receptor signaling in glioma cells [2026] - 2,056KB
by Wei-jiang Zhao, Zhai Yang, Kai-ye Hua, Shuai Zhang, Yi Wang
Objective: It was previously demonstrated that the cytokine neuregulin 1 (NRG1) can promote the proliferation of glioma cells by modulating cell adhesion molecule L1-like (CHL1) protein expression in ...

Early institutional experiences of awake craniotomy with tumor removal at Chulabhorn Hospital, Thailand [2026] - 872KB
by Chaipatr Setprapha, Kankanich Runganantchai, Payothorn Decharin, Nisarat Archawakom, Hattapark Dejakaisaya, Padungcharn Nivatpumin
Background & Objective: Brain tumors in eloquent regions pose major surgical challenges due to the high risk of neurological deficits with conventional resection. Awake craniotomy mitigates these risk...

Evaluation of relationship between androgen levels and cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure in women diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension [2026] - 689KB
by Arif Sari, Aysel Milanlioglu
Objective: In this study, we evaluated the relationship of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels with CSF opening pressure in women diagn...

Clinical and molecular spectrum of TSC1 and TSC2 mutations in pediatric tuberous sclerosis complex: Report of five novel variants [2026] - 447KB
by Sevgi Yimenicioglu, Ayca Kocaaga, Cefa Nil Arslan Karademir, Yasar Bildirici
Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) affects multiple systems. We evaluate the patients with TSC clinically in detail and, if possible, make genotype–phenotype correlations in patients with ...

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome a series of 18 patients: Their clinical characteristics, cytogenetic and molecular findings [2026] - 714KB
by Ayşe Burcu Doğan Arı, Duygu Çetinkaya, Esra Şükran Çakar, Ayşegül Neşe Çıtak Kurt, Esra Kılıç
Objective: Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) (#194190) is a well-defined microdeletion syndrome characterized by typical facial findings, prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, hypotonia, microceph...

Validation of an early ambulation protocol after transfemoral cerebral angiography: A randomized controlled trial [2026] - 418KB
by Yueyue He, Weixiu Ouyang, Linqi Mo, Rui Wang
Background: Access-site complications constitute a substantial portion of the morbidity associated with transfemoral cerebral angiography, yet no standardized protocol exists about early ambulation fo...

Neurointervention rotations and comfort with clinical decision-making in stroke and neurocritical care: A nationwide survey of Indonesian neurology trainees [2026] - 408KB
by Achmad Firdaus Sani, Fritz Sumantri Usman, Ashari Bahar, Subandi, Tommy Rachmat Setyawan, Kumara Tini, Iskandar Nasution, Mohammad Kurniawan, Iin Pusparini, Yovita Andhitara, Gilbert Tangkudung, Nasrul Musadir, Dedi Sutia, Pinto Desti Ramadhoni, Rodhiyan
Background & Objective: Cerebrovascular diseases are among the most frequently managed conditions in neurology residency. With advances in reperfusion and endovascular therapies, exposure to neurointe...