Late-onset central hypoventilation caused by posterior inferior cerebellar arterial infarction

Abstract

Central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS) is a rare condition caused by damage to the brainstem’s respiratory centers, often following stroke. We report a case of a 65-year-old woman with a lateral medullary infarction presenting with dizziness, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Five days after admission, she experienced respiratory failure with apnea and CO2 retention, requiring mechanical ventilation. Timely intervention improved her respiratory condition, and she was discharged with home ventilation care for ongoing management. This case highlights the importance of recognizing CHS in brainstem stroke and the critical role of early ventilatory support in improving outcomes.